Mumbai: The introduction of India’s new Labour Codes marks a significant step towards fostering a more inclusive and equitable work environment for women. These reforms aim to address longstanding challenges faced by women in the workforce, offering enhanced protections, benefits, and opportunities that align with the evolving needs of modern workplaces. By prioritising safety, equality, and flexibility, the Labour Codes seek to empower women and encourage their active participation across all sectors of the economy.
One of the most notable changes is the emphasis on gender representation in workplace grievance and advisory bodies. The Industrial Relations Code 2020 mandates proportional representation of women in Grievance Redressal Committees, ensuring their voices are heard in resolving workplace disputes. This provision not only fosters fairness but also creates a more secure environment for women to raise concerns, particularly on sensitive issues such as harassment, maternity rights, and safety. Additionally, the requirement for one-third representation of women on Central and State Advisory Boards ensures their perspectives are included in policy-making, promoting balanced and inclusive employment strategies.
The Labour Codes also introduce significant improvements to maternity benefits, recognising the importance of supporting women during and after pregnancy. Eligible women are entitled to 26 weeks of maternity leave, with up to eight weeks available before the expected delivery date. This benefit extends to adoptive mothers and commissioning mothers, who are granted 12 weeks of leave following adoption or surrogacy arrangements. Simplified certification processes for maternity-related conditions further ease access to these benefits, allowing proof to be furnished through various qualified professionals, including midwives and accredited social health activists.
To support working mothers, the Codes mandate the provision of crèche facilities in establishments employing 50 or more workers. These facilities must be located within a prescribed distance and allow women to visit up to four times a day, including during rest intervals. Nursing breaks are also guaranteed for mothers returning to work, enabling them to care for their children until the age of 15 months. These measures reflect a commitment to helping women balance their professional and family responsibilities effectively.
Flexibility in work arrangements is another key feature of the Labour Codes. Women may opt for work-from-home arrangements after maternity leave, subject to mutual agreement with their employer. This provision acknowledges the diverse needs of women and offers a practical solution for those seeking to manage childcare alongside their careers.
The Codes also address gender discrimination comprehensively, prohibiting unequal treatment in recruitment, wages, and employment conditions. Employers are required to ensure equal pay for equal work, eliminating wage disparities based on gender. This commitment to fairness extends beyond remuneration, promoting equality in hiring practices and workplace treatment. By removing barriers to equal opportunities, the Labour Codes aim to create a level playing field for women and men alike.
Safety measures for women working in hazardous industries and night shifts have also been strengthened. Women can now work in all establishments, including during night hours, provided their consent is obtained and adequate arrangements for safety, facilities, and transportation are made. This provision expands employment opportunities for women while ensuring their well-being is prioritised.
The reforms introduced by the Labour Codes collectively represent a progressive approach to addressing gender inequality in the workplace. By enhancing maternity benefits, ensuring representation in decision-making bodies, and prohibiting discrimination, the Codes create a more supportive and empowering environment for women. These measures not only safeguard their rights but also encourage greater participation in the workforce, contributing to a more resilient and balanced labour ecosystem.
The new Labour Codes introduced by the Government of India reflect a commitment to advancing gender equality and enabling women to participate fully in the nation’s economic growth. As these measures take effect, they could reshape workplaces into environments where women can thrive, free from discrimination and supported to succeed.
